XIV.—On an organism which penetrates and excavates siliceous sponge-spicula (Spongiophagus Carteri)

Sonar Which Penetrates Bubble Clouds

Man-made active sonar does not operate well in bubbly water. However dolphins and porpoises not only function effectively in shallow coastal waters, but also at times generate large bubble fields to assist with catching prey. Possible physics solutions to target detection in bubbly water are proposed, and the validities of such proposed acoustical solutions are explored through theory, simulati...

Carbon replicas of siliceous sponge spicules.

Exploring seascape genetics and kinship in the reef sponge Stylissa carteri in the Red Sea

A main goal of population geneticists is to study patterns of gene flow to gain a better understanding of the population structure in a given organism. To date most efforts have been focused on studying gene flow at either broad scales to identify barriers to gene flow and isolation by distance or at fine spatial scales in order to gain inferences regarding reproduction and local dispersal. Few...

A Solid State NMR Investigation of Recent Marine Siliceous Sponge Spicules

The composition of four recent siliceous marine sponge spicules was studied and compared. In particular, multinuclear (29Si, 13C, 31P) solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) allowed the characterization of both the mineral and organic constituents in a non-destructive manner. The silica network condensation was similar for all samples. The organic matter showed a similar pattern but varie...

Hierarchical assembly of the siliceous skeletal lattice of the hexactinellid sponge Euplectella aspergillum.

Despite its inherent mechanical fragility, silica is widely used as a skeletal material in a great diversity of organisms ranging from diatoms and radiolaria to sponges and higher plants. In addition to their micro- and nanoscale structural regularity, many of these hard tissues form complex hierarchically ordered composites. One such example is found in the siliceous skeletal system of the Wes...